Allocations during pregnancy: what is the norm, what is the pathology, bloody, brown, yellow, white, watery
Every woman, especially the one who is preparing to become a mother, looks to her health. One of its indicators is discharge during pregnancy. From what color, smell and volume, vaginal and not just discharge, does not depend only on the condition of the woman, but also on her future child.
Speaking of discharge in the gestation period, we mean not only vaginal bleaching, but also a number of other excretions. First, it should be noted the discharge from the chest, the second, the discharge of blood from the genital tract (due to a number of reasons), and, thirdly, of course, urinary incontinence.
Vaginal discharge in pregnant women: norm
The vagina assignments are present in each of the most beautiful breasts. It consists of a vaginal secret from the fallen cells of the vaginal epithelium, the vaginal microflora and the secretion of the glands of the cervix mucosa and vagina. Because of the leukemia, the excretory function of the vagina is maintained, because, together with the above, the pathogenic microorganisms are eliminated, which reduce the probability of inflammation of the genital organs. Characterized by color vaginal whitens, smells, consistency and quantity.
In a healthy woman, the vaginal discharge does not exceed 2 ml per day, clear or whitish in color, with no or acid odor and uniform uniformity.
During the gestation period, vaginal whites undergo changes that are caused by hormonal reorganization. Thus, the amount of excretions in the early stages of pregnancy increases, but they become thick or viscous, transparent or milky (sometimes yellowish) in color. This metamorphosis is explained by the increased production of the hormone progesterone of pregnancy and aims to form in the cervical canal a thick mucous spine that closes the entrance to the uterus and prevents the fetus from becoming infected.
during pregnancy After 14 weeks of gestation, when the fetus has taken a reliable position in the uterine cavity, the placenta has been formed and assumes the function of producing progesterone, the vaginal discharge becomes abundant, transparent and liquid. This phenomenon is due to the effect of the estrogens, which not only modify the consistency of the whites, but also increase the size of the mammary glands (preparation for lactation) and provide the growth of the uterus.
An indirect sign of the health of a pregnant woman is a complete or almost complete absence of odor in the secretions.
Urinary incontinence in pregnant women
On urinary incontinence it is said when there is a spontaneous discharge, which is not susceptible to willpower. . A similar problem is encountered up to 33% of pregnant women. In general, urinary incontinence is observed in the third trimester, but the development of this condition in the medium or even early gestation is not excluded. Characterized by urinary incontinence involuntary loss during physical exertion, coughing, laughing or sneezing. The reasons for this condition are:
relaxation of the smooth muscles, due to the high content of progesterone (decrease of the muscular tone of the bladder, of the urinary sphincter and of the pelvic muscles);
growing uterus, which presses on the bladder, which significantly reduces its size);
fetal movements (especially with large dimensions or irregular fetal positions).
Pregnant women sometimes do not know they have incontinence, as they spontaneously exhibit in small quantities and mix in lingerie with vaginal whitens. But a number of expectant mothers note the appearance of wet spots on the laundry, which requires constant daily cloth to wear and repeated, throughout the day, changing clothes. This condition in itself is not a disease during gestation, but if the hygiene rules are not respected, it can cause inflammation of the vagina or lower urinary tract.
In this case the gynecologists advise to wear an antenatal bandage, Kegel exercises, strengthening of the pelvic floor muscles, regular and frequent emptying of the bladder, observance of intimate hygiene and, in some cases, broths and herbal infusions (sage) , dill, leaves and berries, cranberries, roses).
Discharge from the mammary glands during gestation
During pregnancy, a woman's body undergoes changes that affect the mammary glands. The glandular tissue of the mammary glands grows and the mammary glands increase in size, become sensitive and also painful, the skin around the dark nipples, due to the influence of the sex hormones. Approximately 18-20 weeks of pregnancy up to 50% of expectant mothers show the assignment of colostrum (the predecessor of milk). A similar phenomenon is considered normal and the color of the discharge is white or yellowish.
However, breast assignment by pregnant women can also testify to any pathology of the mammary glands. The disturbing signs are:
excretions from a single gland;
a mixture of blood in the discharge from the nipples or from the bloody discharge;
temperature increase, intoxication phenomenon, chest pain (usually on one side);
un-elongated mammary glands.
If you have these symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor. In the case of colostrum in pregnant women must comply with a number of rules:
wash the mammary glands 2 and more often once a day;
remove traces of colostrum from the nipples (rub with special wet wipes);
do not squeeze the nipples, causing the colostrum to be assigned;
wear special combs in the bra.
Bleeding discharge in pregnant women
The bleeding discharge is dangerous in any period of pregnancy and indicates a malfunction in a woman's body and during pregnancy. In case of bleeding, from maceration to intense, and continuation for more than an hour, it is advisable to immediately consult a doctor.
беременности влагалищный секрет с кровью, сопровождающийся ноющими, тянущими или схваткообразными болями в нижних отделах живота, чаще всего сигнализирует о начавшемся самопроизвольном аборте, а несвоевременное лечение данного состояния может закончиться выкидышем. In the first trimester of pregnancy, a vaginal secret with blood, accompanied by pains, pulling or cramping pains in the lower abdomen, more often marks a miscarriage and early treatment of this condition may result in spontaneous abortions.
кровянистые либо коричневые выделения при беременности также говорят о ее неблагополучном течении. Subsequently, the bloody or brown discharge during pregnancy also indicates its unfavorable course. In the second and third trimester a brown vaginal discharge may occur with placenta previa or premature detachment. Both conditions are urgent (high risk of massive bleeding and anemia) and threaten not only the health of the fetus but also the mother.
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However, the appearance of brown secretions in small gestation periods may serve as a sign of other less dangerous diseases. Periodically emerging "daub", accompanied by pain attacks and completely disappeared, is typical for ectopic (ectopic) pregnancy. This pathology requires immediate surgery, as it poses a threat to a woman's life (massive intra-abdominal hemorrhage, hemorrhagic shock and development of DIC syndrome).
In addition, the appearance in the first weeks of pregnancy that causes the bloody discharge can accompany a disease such as trophoblastic disease (bladder drift or chorionepithelioma). Trophoblastic disease is characterized by a lack of pregnancy against the background of an abnormal tissue in the uterus with areas of embryonic tissue. Treatment of trophoblastic disease depends on its shape and degree of malignancy (some forms require immediate removal of the uterus followed by radiation or chemotherapy).
It is also possible the appearance of brown secretions or secretions of clots of mucus with blood veins on the eve of birth, normal and indicates the readiness of the organism for the generic process (maturation of the cervix). The brown vaginal discharge in the last weeks of gestation is explained by the escape of the mucous spine from the cervical canal, which throughout the gestation period has protected the fetus from penetrating the pathogenic flora from the vagina to the uterus. The length of the mucous plug is 3-7 days, with delivery taking place within the next 3-14 days.
The bloody discharge in the early stages of pregnancy can scare a woman if they appear after sexual intercourse. Their intensity is different, but, as a rule, it is insignificant separate from the blood, not accompanied by any pain in the lower abdomen, or uncomfortable. Most likely, such contact bleeding indicates undiagnosed or untreated erosion of the cervix and does not pose a threat to pregnancy. Erosion or other pathology of the cervix is characterized by secretions that occurred before pregnancy (contact bleeding, yellow, muddy and other leucorrhoea).
Yellow selection
It is not uncommon for future mothers to face a phenomenon of yellow discharge during pregnancy from the genital tract.
In case of appearance of yellowish, but transparent and light discharge, to short periods of pregnancy, there is no reason to panic if there are no signs of itching, burning and discomfort in the area of the external genitalia.
беременности, как только эмбрион основательно закрепился в матке (после имплантации), под действием прогестерона, который вырабатывается в усиленном режиме, увеличивается секреция желез шейки матки, что продуцируют слизь. In the first weeks of pregnancy, as soon as the embryo is well implanted in the uterus (after implantation), under the influence of progesterone, which is produced in the increased regimen, it increases the secretion of the mucous glands of the cervix. This mucus is necessary to form a mucous plug in the cervical canal and separate the vagina and the cervix with the uterine cavity. Therefore, whites at the beginning of pregnancy often become white or white with a yellowish color.
. Also a variant of the norm are yellow or white with light yellow in the last weeks of pregnancy (37-39). On the eve of childbirth, as indicated above, the mucosa starts to move, which seems a little yellow discharge on underwear, perhaps with blood veins.
If the vaginal secret has a rich yellow color, with shades of green and accompanied by itching and burning, the appearance of an unpleasant odor, urination disorders, it is necessary to undergo a screening to exclude / confirm the pathogenic microorganisms in the vaginal microflora (staphylococcus, streptococcus, proteus, E. coli etc., as well as sexual infections (trichomonads, chlamydia, ureaplasma and others).
If there is no pathogenic flora in the vaginal spot, the cause of yellow secretions should be sought in violation of the rules of intimate hygiene and inappropriate nutrition (neglect of hygiene, use of detergents with alkaline reaction and flavored pads, wear synthetic underwear, inaccuracies in the diet: abuse of spicy, spicy, too salty and sweet dishes).
White selection
Another reason for concern for women is white discharge during pregnancy.
But before giving the panic, it is necessary to understand what allocations of white are considered the norm and which are not. As is clear from the foregoing, there is no pregnancy without excretions, as every representative of the beautiful half of humanity has whiteness, regardless of its "pregnant or not pregnant state".
Since the fertilization of the egg and its attachment to the uterine mucosa in the female body begins the "hormonal storm", the qualitative and quantitative content of the sexual organs and not just the hormones changes, creating conditions for the improvement of the child, his growth and development. In the first 14 weeks, as already mentioned, expectant mothers notice an increase in the volume of vaginal secretion, a change in their consistency and color. Beli becomes literally bifacciata, that is viscose, abundant and milky, in which the progesterone is "guilty" (stimulates together with other organs and cervical glands, causing the production of mucus in large quantities to form a mucosa).
Therefore, the release of milk and viscose in the first trimester is absolutely normal, provided they are not accompanied by subjective sensations (itching and burning of the perineum and vagina).
In some cases, however, a white vaginal secret may be a symptom of an extremely unpleasant disease, such as urogenital candidiasis or candidal vaginitis, but simply thrush. From 80 to 90% of women suffer from thrush during gestation, which is related to:
first, the suppression of immunity, especially in the first weeks of pregnancy (prevention of embryo rejection)
secondly, with a change in the acidity of the vaginal environment due to the intensive production of progesterone.
Symptoms of candidal vaginitis are very characteristic. A woman complains about the appearance of abundant or homogeneous whites with an acute yeast smell, itching and burning in the perineum and vagina, in severe cases of pain during sexual contact and urinary dysfunction (fast and painful). Treatment of the disease is carried out by antifungal drugs for both sexual partners. The choice of an antifungal agent depends on the gestation period. To prevent the development of thrush will help to comply with simple tips:
they prefer linen from natural fabrics;
adhere to the rules of hygiene (how not to neglect, and not to exaggerate);
to refuse from liquids aromatic detergents and from means of intimate hygiene;
observe the principles of healthy eating (do not abuse sweets, pastries, canned foods, spicy products, savory and pickles).
Water discharge
The beginning of the second trimester of pregnancy is accompanied by a change in the consistency of the secretions from the genital tract. At this stage, estrogen production increases, which affects the amount and consistency of vaginal white. They dilute, become watery, transparent or with slight turbidity. If there are no signs of discomfort, then there is nothing to worry about the future mother. The only unpleasant moment can be called a sense of constant humidity, which is easily eliminated by using daily messes.
The aqueous discharge will continue until the end of pregnancy, but must be carefully monitored in the last weeks of carrying the fetus, since such a detachable liquid is easily confused with the loss of amniotic fluid. To avoid water leaks, a special test for amniotic fluid can be used (made in the form of a gasket attached to underwear and worn for up to 12 hours). The change in the color of the seal (the appearance of stripes or greenish or bluish spots) indicates the presence of amniotic fluid in the discharge.
In the case of the appearance of watery, gray or fat and foamy droppings, sensations of itching and burning, reddening of the perineum skin and mucous lips, the appearance of a dull and unpleasant smell indicates the development of the pathological process. More often, similar phenomena occur in bacterial vaginosis. In addition, the abundant fluid discharge in pregnant women, accompanied by discomfort, can be observed with genital herpes.
In conclusion, I would like to mention that if there are secretions during pregnancy, which are alarming for their color, odor, quantity and the woman herself experiences unpleasant sensations, one should see the doctor as soon as possible.
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